Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions-A Study of Clinical Patterns, Causality, Severity & Preventability

Aimto study CADRs for clinical patterns, risk factors, causality, severity &preventability. Material &methodsA prospective study was undertaken in a 750 bedded tertiary care teaching hospital of central India. Patients with CADRs presenting primarily or referred from other departments were enrolled after being diagnosed by consultant dermatologist. Causality, preventability and severity were analyzed &Other parameters like male to female ratio, most common class of drug ,individual drug causing CADR, common types of CADRs, were studied. Results-34 cases were enrolled for the study in the duration of march2014 to june2014.Female predominance (55.88%) with 35.2% patients falling in 21-30years age group. Most frequently occurring CADR was maculopapular rash (29.4%) followed by fixed drug eruption (23.5%), photosensitivity (20.5%), SJS (17.6%) & 8.8% acneiform eruptions, erythema multiforme(2.9%) & toxic epidermal necrolysis or TEN(2.9%).Antimicrobial drugs (56%) followed by analgesic/antiinflammatory/antipyretic (17.6%) and then antiepileptic drugs about (15%) were the drug classes involved. Other drugs like tryptomer& isotretinoin accounted for about 11.7% of CADRs. Fluoroquinolones accounted for highest percentage (20.5%) of CADRs. Conclusions Female predominance was seen. Flouroquinolones being the most common offending drug & diclofenac & aceclofenac among the anti-inflammatory, analgesics class. Causality assessment also resulted in high score of definite category. These variations may be explained by the differences in drug usage patterns and short duration of the study.